The Relative Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Output in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
105-123
Received:
3 May 2022
Accepted:
1 July 2022
Published:
28 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijfbr.20220804.11
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Abstract: Ethiopia had been taking number of Monetary and Fiscal policy actions in order to stabilize the macro economy like output since long time, however their relative effectiveness on output in Ethiopia has not yet clearly identified, therefore the objective of this study was to see the relative effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy on Output in Ethiopia using quarterly data from 2001Q1-2021Q4 by using Structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model. The monetary policy measured by Broad money (M2) and private sector credit, the government expenditure and budget deficit used as indicators for fiscal policy variables other variables such as Real effective exchange rate and Consumer Price Index are used as control variables. To see the contemporaneous effects of the variables and to analyze the data and draw conclusions and policy inferences the structural vector autoregressive model was employed. The empirical result showed that, the effect of monetary policy is much stronger than fiscal policy even though both policies are significant in affecting output. The findings are consistent with previous empirical findings. The implication of this is that, there should be more focus and confidence on both monetary and fiscal policy for the purpose affecting output and economic stabilization in Ethiopia. Hence, both fiscal and monetary policies should be used in a coordination to get better output.
Abstract: Ethiopia had been taking number of Monetary and Fiscal policy actions in order to stabilize the macro economy like output since long time, however their relative effectiveness on output in Ethiopia has not yet clearly identified, therefore the objective of this study was to see the relative effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy on Output in E...
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Evaluation of the Customers’ Latent Demands in the Banking Service Management, an Investigation in Tejart Bank of Iran
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
124-130
Received:
21 August 2022
Accepted:
20 September 2022
Published:
29 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijfbr.20220804.12
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Abstract: The present study, as practical research with a descriptive-survey method and correlation analysis, attempts to evaluate the latent demand of customers regarding the banking service management in the Tejarat Bank of Iran. A questionnaire form was used to collect data and their validity was verified using content validity and construct validity. The statistical measures and structural equation modeling were used to test the hypothesis and to describe findings using SPSS software. The results revealed that all research hypotheses in both conditions of status quo and the preferred situation could be confirmed due to significant regression coefficients of R from 0.803 to 0.952 and Sig. from 0.01 to 0.05, at a confidence level over 95%. In this regard, the success level of the banking process in the present status of the Tejarat Bank depends on the improvement of E-banking and e-service qualities, while its success level of banking process in the preferred situation in the future essential needs to enhance the CRM approaches, good communication and relationships with the customers. Hence, these findings can contribute to understanding the relationships between different dimensions of the customer’s latent demand, including the customer’s relationship management and the relationship marketing orientation. Suggesting such approaches in the banking process could support customers to retain sustainable competitive advantages and profits.
Abstract: The present study, as practical research with a descriptive-survey method and correlation analysis, attempts to evaluate the latent demand of customers regarding the banking service management in the Tejarat Bank of Iran. A questionnaire form was used to collect data and their validity was verified using content validity and construct validity. The...
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